湖北省宜昌市教研中心
“义务教育全日制初中英语教学的目的,是通过听、说、读、写的训练,使学生获得英语基础知识和初步 运用英语交际的能力”。显然,要评价初中英语教学是否达到大纲的要求,不仅要考查学生的语音、词汇、语 法,还要考查学生初步运用英语交际的能力。如何考查交际能力？交际有两种形式,一是口头表达形式；二是 笔头表达形式。目前我国中学中考考口试是不现实的,因此只能以笔试代替口试。当今考查学生交际能力的题 型有很多,常用的有补全对话、看图对话、看图填空、口语应用等形式。为了便于学生复习,笔者从《中考英 语题典大全》(华中师范大学出版社出版)一书中选出的11道题进行简略分析,以使广大考生对此类题的特 点有一个大致的了解。
“口语应用”一般是对话体,内容控制在《日常交际用语简表》规定的范围内；对话的内容比较简单,一 般是学生实际生活中常见的事；句子结构比较简单,尽量做到口语化。考生要熟练掌握大纲所规定的30个项目 的日常交际用语的基本常识、常用句式和具备良好的语感。答题时要认真判断对话交际场合,仔细理解所给单 句意思,弄清所给内容的整体意义,句与句之间的联系。下面是实例分析：
一、打电话
1.It's me,Kate.Next Sunday is my birthday.Can you come to my party?
2.Hello!Who is speaking?
3.Ok.I'm sure he would love to come.
4.Oh,thanks very much.I'd love to.What time is it going to start?
5.Half past four.Don't forget to tell Jim.I hope he can come,too.
A.31542 B.21453 C.15432 D.54123
分析："Hello!Who is speaking?"是打电话所用的最基本语言,必定是文章的首句。答语是一固定用语"I t's me."不可以说"I'm…",找出第一、二句,后面根据问话内容就不难看出正确答案是B。
二、邀请
1.Thank you.
2.Sure.I would love to come.
3.It's my birthday.Would you come to my party?
4.I think so.Why?
5.Are you free next Tuesday evening?
A.45312 B.34521 C.54321 D.12345
分析："Are you free…"是邀请者问对方是否有空的用语,是此段对话的起首句,"I think so"在此意为 “我想有空。”"Why?"意为“什么事？”,是第5句的应答语。正确答案是C。
三、约会
1.How about going to play basketball?
2.Good idea!At what time?
3.Nothing much.Why?
4.At 4:30 in the afternoon.
5.What are you going to do tomorrow?
A.25431 B.34512 C.43152 D.53124
分析：本段内容除第4句外其它均为疑问句,这似乎给答题加大了难度,其实不然。只要读懂大意,找出第 一句,后面的句子也就好排列了。这段对话只有第1句和第5句有可能作起首句,如果用第1句作起首句,第3句 就没有应答语,对话不完整,第5句才是起首句。"Nothingmuch.Why?"意为“没什么事,干什么？”,是第5句 的应答语,"Howabout…?"是第3句的应答语。正确答案是D。
四、就餐
1.What would you like,tea or coffee?
2.Yes,please.
3.Would you like something to drink?
4.All right.
5.I'd like tea,please.
A.32154 B.21543 C.15432 D.54321
分析："Would you like something to drink?"是问对方喝点什么的常用语,是起首句,第2句是应答语, 问话人接着问是喝茶还是喝咖啡,第5句是第1句的应答语。正确答案是A。
五、看病
1.Is that all?But I feel worse than cold.
2.What's wrong?
3.Don't worry.Nothing serious.
4.Let me see,er….You have caught a bit of cold.
5.I don't feel well.
A.53421 B.34125 C.13254 D.25413
分析：医生一般用"What's wrong?"或"What's the matter withyou?"问病人,回答是："I don't feel w ell."或"I'm feeling worse."紧接着是医生给病人看病,给予安慰。正确答案是D。
六、问路
1.It's over there on the right.
2.Yes,which post office?
3.Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to the post of fice,please?
4.The nearest one.
5.Thank you very much.
A.25431 B.32415 C.13254 D.21354
分析：问路者一般用"Excuse me."开头,接着说"Can/Could youtell me the way to…",第2句是第3句的 应答语,"Thanks"或"Thankyou very much."是对话的结尾。正确答案是B。
七、购物
1.Which pair do you like?
2.The red one.
3.Here you are.
4.I'm looking for a pair of shoes.
5.What can I do for you?
A.23145 B.31452 C.14253 D.54123
分析：营业员一般以"What can I do for you?/Can I help you?"问顾客,以"Here you are."结尾,第4 句是第5句的应答语。正确答案是D。
八、询问价格
1.Ten yuan.
2.How much is it?
3.I'm afraid we haven't.
4.Thank you all the same.
5.That's too expensive.Do you have anything cheaper?
A.42135 B.25143 C.21534 D.13245
分析：顾客常用"How much…?"问物价。第1句是营业员的应答语,第5句是第1句的应答语。正确答案是C。
九、请求帮助
1.Certainly!
2.Could you look after my daughter for me while we'reaway?
3.Thank you very much.
4.Yes,of course I'm sure.
5.Are you sure you don't mind?
A.15432 B.21543 C.54321 D.43215
分析：用"Could/Would you…"提出需要帮助,给予帮助者常用"Certainly."或"Of course."作答。正确答 案是B。
十、问候
1.Very well,thank you.
2.I'm fine,too.Thanks.
3.Hello,Jim!How are you?
4.Fine,thank you.And you?
5.How about your family?
A.54123 B.13452 C.34251 D.43521
分析：第3句用来招呼对方,并向对方问好,第4句是第3句的应答语,第2句是第4句的应答语。正确答案是 C。
十一、询问
1.Thank you.
2.Yes,I am.Are you a new student?
3.Hi.Are you in this class?
4.It's Miss White,the lady over there.
5.Yes,who is the teacher?
A.32541 B.25341 C.13245 D.45132
分析：第2句和第5句都以"Yes"开头。哪一句在先,哪一句在后就要因句意而定。但关键词"Hi"告诉你第3 句是对话的首句,第2句是第3句的应答语。正确答案是A。
